Method for determining the concentration of blood glucose

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a method for determining concentration of blood glucose by using the change in the rising time. The chemical reaction between the blood glucose and enzyme within the test strip to generate the analog source that used to determine the concentration of the blood glucose in the measuring meter. Thus, the rising curve can be obtained after the analog source is treated, such that the concentration of the blood glucose can be determined.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The present invention generally relates to a method for determining the concentration of blood glucose, and more particularly to a method for determining the concentration of blood glucose by using the change in rising curve.

[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art

[0004] In the past, many systems have been developed for monitoring blood characteristics. For example, devices have been developed which are capable of determining such blood characteristics as blood oxygenation, glucose concentration, and other blood characteristics. However, significant difficulties have been encountered when attempting to determine blood glucose concentration accurately using noninvasive blood monitoring systems such as by means of spectroscopic measurement.

[0005] The difficulty in determining blood glucose concentration accurately may be attributed to several causes. One of the significant causes is that blood glucose is typically found in very low concentrations within the bloodstream (e.g., on the order of 100 to 1,000 times lower than hemoglobin) so that such low concentrations are difficult to detect nonivasively, and require a very high signal-to noise ratio. Additionally, with spectroscopic methods, the optical characteristics of glucose are very similar to those of water, which is found in a very high concentration within the blood. Thus where optical monitoring systems are used, the optical characteristics of water tend to obscure the characteristics of optical signal due to glucose within the bloodstream. Furthermore, since each individual has tissue, bone, and unique blood properties, each measurement typically requires calibration for the particular individual.

[0006] Test strips are known that contain a testing reagent that turns a different shade of color, depending on the concentration of glucose in a blood sample that has been applied to the strip. The blood glucose concentration is measured by inserting a strip into a meter that is basically a reflectance photometer, which determining the concentration from the change in color caused by the reaction between the testing reagent and blood glucose. The testing reagent typically contains an enzyme, such as glucose oxidase, which is capable of oxidizing glucose to gluconic acid lactone and hydrogen peroxide; and oxidizable dye; and a substance having peroxidative activity, which is capable of selectively catalyzing oxidation of the oxidizable dye in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

[0007] In the conventional measuring meter, the measuring time is usually of about 10 to 30 seconds that is too long to obtain an exact concentration of the blood glucose, when the concentration of the blood glucose is determined by sampling the data that is basically a fixed sampling time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] It is an object of this invention that a method for determining the concentration of the blood glucose by performing the rising curves.

[0009] It is another object of this invention that a method for calculating the concentration of the blood glucose by utilizing a change in rising curves.

[0010] It is yet object of this invention that a method for creating mapping table from rising time and concentration of the blood glucose to determine the unknown concentration of the blood glucose.

[0011] According to above-mentioned objects, the present invention provides a method to determine the concentration of the blood glucose by using the change in the rising curve. The blood glucose is reacted with the enzyme within the test strips to generate the analog source, and the analog source is inserted into the measuring meter to measure the concentration of the blood glucose, and the rising curve also can be obtained. Because of the rising time of the rising curve is very short, for this reason, the exact concentration of the blood glucose can be obtained immediately.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0013]FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the step for determining the concentration of the blood glucose immediately in accordance with a method disclosed herein;

[0014]FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the step for determining the concentration of the blood glucose by using the rising curve in accordance with a method disclosed herein;

[0015]FIG. 3 is schematic representation showing the wave pattern for different concentration of the blood glucose that after treatment in accordance with a method disclosed herein; and

[0016]FIG. 4 is a schematic representation showing the relative diagram between the rising time and concentration of the blood glucose.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0017] Some sample embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail. Nevertheless, it should be recognized that the present invention can be practiced in a wide range of other embodiments besides those explicitly described, and the scope of the present invention is expressly not limited except as specified in the accompanying claims.

[0018] According to the conventional determining method, the determining time for determining concentration of the blood glucose is of about 10 to 30 seconds, that is to long to increase the inaccuracy in concentration estimation. Thus, the present invention provides a method for determining the concentration of the blood glucose by utilizing the rising curve to estimate the exact the concentration.

[0019] Referring to FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the steps for determining the concentration of the blood glucose by using the rising curve. Step 10 indicates the blood glucose reacted with the enzyme within the test strip to generate the analog source; step 12 indicates the treatment device used to treat the analog source to convert the analog source from the analog signal into the digital signal, and the wave pattern is displayed by an outputting device, wherein the wave pattern represents the relationship between the concentration of the blood glucose and rising time. In accordance with the present invention, the outputted signal is represented by voltage; wherein the unit of the voltage is milli-volt (mv.)

[0020] Then, the turning point is found from the wave pattern, and the time can be found that is relative to the turning point, wherein the turning point named the initial point (step 14.) Next, the maximum values is found from the wave pattern, wherein the maximum value of the wave pattern is peak value (step 16.) Thereafter, the time point relative to the peak value of the wave pattern can be estimated, wherein the time point relative to the peak value is end point (step 18;) next, the difference value between the initial point and end point is estimated by subtract the initial point and the end point, wherein the difference value is rising time (step 20;) and finally, a relative diagram is constructed by the concentration of the blood glucose and the rising time. Therefore, when the unknown concentration of the blood glucose is inserted into the measuring meter, the concentration of the blood glucose can be obtained immediately from the relative diagram (step 22.)

[0021] Furthermore, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the steps for determining the concentration of the blood glucose. The reference character 30 denotes the analog source, wherein the analog source is generated by the chemical reaction between the blood glucose and the enzyme within the test strip, and the chemical reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction. Then, the analog source is inputted into a treatment device 32 to convert the analog source from the analog signal into a digital signal. The treatment device 32 comprises an operational amplifier 32A, a converting device 32B, and a treating-controlling device 32C. The operational amplifier 32A used to transfer the analog signal into the converting device 32B, and the converting device 32B converting the analog signal into the digital signal, wherein the converting device 32B can be AFE (analog-front-end) device or ADC (analog-to-digital converting system), and the treating-controlling device 32C is MCU (microprocessor control unit). Then, the digital signal is displayed by a wave pattern shape in an outputting device 34.

[0022] Then, the FIG. 3 is showing a wave pattern for the different concentration of the blood glucose and the reaction time, wherein the x-coordinate is reaction time, the unit is milli-second (ms), and the y-coordinate is outputted voltage, the unit is milli-volt (mv). Thus, the reaction time of the rising curve will become longer when the blood glucose with higher concentration, so that the concentration of the blood glucose can be determined by the reaction time of the rising curve.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method to estimate the different concentration of the blood glucose. First, the turning point of the rising curve can be found, and the time point is relative to the turning point of the rising curve also can be found, wherein the turning point is initial point or first time. Then, according to the value of the first order differential is greater than the zero, the maximum value of the each concentration of the blood glucose can be found, and the time point is relative to the maximum value also can be found, herein the time point is end point or second time. Next, the difference value between the initial point and end point is estimated by subtract the initial point and the end point, wherein the difference value is rising time of the rising curve.

[0024] In accordance with the present invention, the rising time is very short that could be determined the concentration of the blood glucose immediately. Therefore, the exact concentration value can be estimated by the change in the rising time. To compare the estimating time between the conventional measuring meter and the rising time of the present invention, this invention only needs about 5 seconds to obtain the exact concentration of the blood glucose, nevertheless, the conventional measuring meter requires more than 10 seconds to obtain the concentration of blood glucose.

[0025]FIG. 4 is a relative diagram between the different concentration of the blood glucose and the rising time, wherein the x-coordinate is rising time, and the y-coordinate is voltage that expresses the concentration of the blood glucose. Thus, the unknown concentration of the blood glucose can be estimated by the relative diagram.

[0026] Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from what is intended to be limited solely by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for determining the concentration of the blood glucose, said method comprising: providing a blood glucose solution placed on a test strip with an enzyme, wherein a chemical reaction is between said blood glucose solution and said test strip to generate an analog source; inputting said analog source into a measuring circuit to covert said analog source into a digital signal; outputting said digital signal as a waver pattern, wherein a first time is relative to a turning point of said wave pattern; estimating a maximum value of said wave pattern, and obtaining a second time is relative to said maximum value; calculating a difference value between said first time and said second time, wherein said difference value is a rising time of said wave pattern; and finding a concentration of said blood glucose that is relative to said rising time.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said chemical reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said measuring circuit comprises: an amplifier, said amplifier used to receive said analog source; a converting device, said converting device used to convert said analog source from an analog signal into a digital signal; a treating-controlling device, said treating-controlling device used to treat said digital signal; and an outputting device, said outputting device used to display said digital signal.
 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said converting device is an analog-to-digital converting system.
 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said treating-controlling device is a microprocessor-controlling unit.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said calculating said maximum value by using a value of first order differential is greater than zero.
 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said finding said concentration of said blood glucose is relative to said rising time comprises a relative diagram of said rising time and said concentration of said blood glucose solution. 